![]() ![]() These can dissolve in water and react to form hydroxides they are therefore called basic anhydrides or basic oxides. ![]() ![]() When oxygen reacts with metals, it forms oxides that are mostly ionic in nature. Typically, compounds with oxygen in this oxidation state are called oxides. Oxygen's primary oxidation states are -2, -1, 0, and -1/2 (in O 2 -), but -2 is the most common. Ozone at very high altitudes in the atmosphere is responsible for protecting the Earth's surface from ultraviolet radiation however, at lower altitudes it becomes a major component of smog. However, because of its unstable nature it disappears and leaves the water unprotected from bacteria. It is a very good oxidizing agent, stronger than dioxygen, and can be used as a substitute for chlorine in purifying drinking water without giving the water an odd taste. The latter allotrope, ozone, is a pale-blue poisonous gas with a strong odor. However, compounds that contain oxygen are considered to be more thermodynamically stable than O 2. The O 2 bond is very strong, and oxygen can also form strong bonds with other elements. In general, O 2 (or dioxygen) is the form referred to when talking about the elemental or molecular form because it is the most common form of the element. It is also used in water treatment, as an oxidizer in rocket fuel, for medicinal purposes, and in petroleum refining. It is used in the manufacture of iron, steel, and other chemicals. There are many commercial uses for oxygen gas, which is typically obtained through fractional distillation. It is second to nitrogen as the most abundant element in the atmosphere. It is the most abundant element by mass in both the Earth's crust and the human body. Oxygen is a gas at room temperature and 1 atm, and is colorless, odorless, and tasteless. \): Select properties of Group 16 elements ![]()
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